Federico García Lorca. Por José Narosky

“En las guerras la crueldad es casi un deber”.

 

“Toda guerra es matanza. Y es suicidio…”.

“Porque un campo de batalla siempre es un cementerio, aunque muchos permanezcan vivos”.

Pero una guerra civil, es decir, entre hermanos ya no tiene explicación lógica.

Y esa guerra es la que permitió que un 18 de agosto de 1936 permitió, decía que se “fusilara” a un gran poeta. Que además, era Doctor en Letras, Abogado, Músico, Pintor. Y todavía Dramaturgo. Tenía tan solo 38 años.

Se llamó Federico García Lorca.

Había nacido en Granada, España, y su destino trágico hizo que fuese fusilado en su tierra, en un lugar muy próximo a su aldea natal.

Visitó la Argentina y Buenos Aires lo recibió cálidamente.

Tenía 35 años cuando llegó a nuestro país a dirigir una de sus obras de teatro más famosas: “Bodas de Sangre”, con la actriz Lola Membribes.

Era alto, de abundante cabello oscuro y finas facciones.

Hace pocos años se exhibieron en nuestra Capital dibujos de su autoría y muy buenos por cierto.

Su madre, pianista de mérito, le inculcó las primeras nociones de piano.

El niño Federico, progresó rápidamente.

Incluso llegó a dar conciertos.

En uno de ellos lo oyó un músico ya famoso, 20 años mayor que él: Manuel de Falla. Se acercó al niño y comenzó a respaldarlo artísticamente.

Pero García Lorca se alejó pronto de la música.

Porque dentro de sí estaba el futuro autor teatral, el de “Yerma”, de “La Casa de Bernarda Alba”, de “Bodas de Sangre”.

De Falla siguió su vínculo de amistad con Lorca. Es que eran dos grandes. Porque los verdaderos artistas no eligen serlo. Fueron elegidos.

Ambos eran también auténticamente modestos. Pese al prestigio logrado. Porque “cuando el artista necesita admiración, no merece ser admirado”.

Transcurría el año 1936. Se estaba desarrollando esa tragedia que fue la Guerra Civil Española.

Ambos estaban en Granada. Habían escrito juntos piezas teatrales para niños. Y comenzó el drama personal de García Lorca.

Él, que no actuaba en política, fue acusado de subversivo por alguien. Es que un microbio puede empujar una calumnia. Y un gigante no puede detenerla.

Lo detuvieron.

De Falla, estaba en ese momento en Cádiz, otra ciudad también de Andalucía, como Granada, pero distante muchos kilómetros de esta.

Por eso, el compositor demoró una semana en enterarse de la detención de su amigo García Lorca.

Como De Falla tenía muchas vinculaciones y un alto prestigio le consiguieron una audiencia con el gobernador de Andalucía, a las 24 hs. de haberla solicitado.

El mandatario lo recibió, y de inmediato dio la orden de indultar a García Lorca, atendiendo a las justas y creíbles razones de De Falla.

En presencia del músico, el gobernador telefoneó a la cárcel.

Y llegó la respuesta desde el otro lado de la línea.

-“Sr. Gobernador: García Lorca ha sido fusilado hace una hora”.

-“¿Quién dio esa orden?”, bramó el gobernador.

Nadie le respondió.

Pero ¿acaso importaba ya la respuesta?.

Manuel De Falla comenzó a llorar como un niño. Y el músico autor de “El Amor Brujo” de la Danza ritual del Fuego, tomó una drástica decisión.

Resolvió en ese momento irse de España.

Y se radicó como es sabido en Alta Gracia, en nuestra provincia de Córdoba, aquí en la Argentina, donde fallecería diez años después a fines de 1946.

Podríamos decir para finalizar como de todos los grandes que agregaron luz a la luz, que Federico García Lorca no ha muerto.

Que espiritualmente vaga todavía por los húmedos senderos de su Granada natal y está –porque compuso también canciones- en el rasguido de las mágicas guitarras andaluzas.

Su trágico destino, producto de esa locura del hombre que se llama guerra, inspiró en mi este aforismo

“La guerra nunca es tan cruel… como quienes las forjan”.

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